Oil price slump under COVID-19 fully exposed that the traditional energy security idea can no meet the demand for steady global energy development. The collapse of the existing energy monopoly structure, the inadaptability of energy mechanism, and the emergence of new energy revolution pose a new challenge to the global energy governance in post-COVID-19 era. Therefore, international security should establish a new energy security idea to achieve the balance between energy supply and demand, and to reconstruct the new global energy order. For China, on the one hand, it should give full play to the Belt and Road Energy Partnership’s institutional advantage, contribute China’s wisdom and China’s approach, promote the shift of new energy security idea; on the other hand, efforts to be made to enhance governance modernization of domestic energy circulation, improve the emergency ability to deal with international energy risk and external shock, so as to realize new era’s mission for safeguarding domestic energy security under new development paradigm.