As the main form of the new urbanization strategy, urban agglomeration promotes the inter regional urbanization construction, economic development and population flow. This paper analyzed the development characteristics of 19 urban agglomerations in China by using urban comprehensive development and multiple linear regression models. The results show that: The urbanization difference index of the eastern urban agglomeration continued to decline, the central urban agglomeration grew steadily, while the western urban agglomeration rose in fluctuation. The hot spots of urbanization development first increased and then decreased, and the state of agglomeration changed to separation. On the whole, the spatial growth of urbanization showd that the eastern urban agglomeration > the central urban agglomeration > the western urban agglomeration. Urban economic development had a strong influence on the development of urbanization in China. Population size had the greatest influence on the eastern urban agglomeration, industrial structure had the greatest influence on the central urban agglomeration, and geographical environment decreased from coastal to inland. This study can provide a reference for the coordinated development of urban agglomeration in China.