This paper reviewed the evolution history of farmland confirmation policy: from the definition to the implementation of property rights, and summarized the typical mode and experience, at the end of the confirmation of contracted land rights in China. Based on the perspective of literature review, we analyzed the impact mechanism and actual effect of farmland confirmation on farmland transfer, scale management, production efficiency, soil conservation, transfer of labor force and farmers’ income. We putted forward the practical problems: refinement of rights and connection transition, and gave the optimization paths of China’s land reform, after the farmland ownership certification had issued.