153 countries (regions) in the world are grouped according to the two dimensions of income level and whether having crossed the middle-income trap, and a fixed effect model is established to empirically study the role of education in the process of crossing the middle-income trap, so as to provide a theoretical and empirical basis for China to successfully cross the middle-income stage. In addition, this paper also uses unsupervised learning method to extract keywords from the evolution of education policy in some developed countries, and search and analyze the evolution of education policy in the history of developed countries,as well as its correlation with income level. The study found that the contribution of education to income is not significant in low-income and middle-low-income countries, but significant in middle-high-income and high-income groups; The education contribution of middle-high-income trap countries is lower than that of countries that have crossed the trap; The education policies of developed countries are highly planned and forward-looking, and they are constantly adjusted with the different stages of development. It is concluded that education will play an important role in China’s crossing the middle-income stage, and education policies also need to be adjusted according to different stages of development. On this basis, policy suggestions are put forward.