It is of great significance to deeply explore the positive social effects of air pollution governance, which plays an important part in constructing a solid national security barrier, building a higher level of safety China, and constantly enhancing the people’s sense of gain, happiness and security. This paper analyzes the positive effects of air pollution governance on social security during the 13th Five-Year Plan period from the perspective of crime. We estimated the influence of air pollution governance on regional crime based on the daily and annual data of air pollution and crime in prefecture-level cities, and verified the mechanism from the perspective of individual psychology.