With the advent of the big data era, the scientific research paradigm has undergone a revolutionary change, and has entered the fourth paradigm characterized by data intensiveness. In this context, it is of great significance to strengthen scientific data management.This paper summarizes and analyzes the new characteristics and new trends of scientific data management in the big data era, describes the current situation of scientific data management in China, countermeasures and suggestions for strengthening and standardizing the management of scientific data in China has given based on handling the relationship between data governance and value realization，public welfare and marketization，open sharing and confidentiality, domestic sharing and international cooperation.