Under the background that independent innovation has become the mainstream technology innovation path, theoretical analysis and empirical research are carried out on the heterogeneity of industrial technology innovation efficiency curve and the choice of innovation path. The efficiency of independent technological innovation of empirical industries is rising steadily, while the efficiency of technology introduction innovation of its sub industries is characterized by random and heterogeneous evolution; The efficiency curve of independent technology innovation and technology introduction innovation in the empirical industry segment shows the evolution patterns of “cross”, “parallel” and “double helix”, in which the “cross” pattern is dominant. The “parallel” efficiency curve industry should choose the innovation path with independent technology innovation as the main factor and technology introduction innovation as the auxiliary factor; The “double helix” efficiency curve industry should realize the dynamic choice of technology introduction innovation and independent technology innovation path; The “cross” efficiency curve industry should choose the innovation path based on independent technological innovation. The research results have important theoretical value and practical guiding significance for realizing the optimal choice of industrial innovation path and further improving its efficiency and outcomes of technological innovation.