The construction of the green Belt and Road is an important aspect for the economic green recovery after the COVID-19 epidemic and an important aspect of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This study established an economy environment system coupling coordination measurement model, and evaluated and analyzed the coupling coordination level of 44 countries along the Belt and Road during 2000-2020, using entropy methods combined with exploratory spatial data analysis. The results show that: First, relative more regions belonged to economic lag type, and most countries’ coupling coordination degree is still in a stage of primary coordination and basic incoordination. Second, the coupling coordination level indicated a spatially unbalanced feature. Third, the coupling coordination level indicates a significant global spatial correlation. This study could be helpful to advance the basis for policy making, adapt to local conditions, and promote green and coordinated development along the Belt and Road.