The existing research fails to clarify the underlying theoretical logic, core driving factors and strategic points of digital economy and the internal logic of the strategic deployment of digital economy in developed countries, which is difficult to effectively support the development of China’s digital economy strategy and policy. Based on the theory of techno-economic paradigms, this paper believes that the digital economy is essentially the process of the coordinated evolution of techno-economic paradigms and social-institution paradigms caused by the digital technology change. Its strategic core is the innovation and application of digital technology and the reconstruction of the matching institutional system. At present, the digital economy revolution and the strategic competition between China and the United States are intertwined, which determines that the digital economy strategy of developed countries is mainly deployed around two main lines. One is to actively comply with the requirements of the technology economy paradigm of digital economy development, and the other is to actively curb the development of China’s digital technology and digital economy. Based on this strategic logic, developed countries such as the United States, Europe, Japan and South Korea are strengthening policy supply in three aspects: research and development of digital technology, application of digital technology and construction of institutional system. In this regard, China should build a digital economy development strategy with Chinese characteristics with the core of “technology leadership, application leadership, and institution leadership”, accelerate the establishment of top-level institution design and departmental coordination mechanism, promote the research, development, application, and effectively challenge the digital revolution and compete with developed countries.