This paper analyzes the influence of capable village cadres on the neo-endogenous development using representative village panel data. The results show that the village secretary with self-employed experience can increase the total income of the village, and the village secretary with enterprise boss experience can increase the total income of the village and the earnings of collective assets. Furthermore, capable village cadres can conveniently obtain government project support and promote the development of rural e-commerce, thus promoting the new endogenous development of village. However, the influence of the capable village cadres on the collective economic development is no longer significant in the villages carrying out the “one shoulder carrying” system; The informal system of clan restricts the promoting effect of capable village cadres on village income. So, multiple measures and solid guarantees should be taken to encourage talented people to return home and start businesses, the construction of the village committees should be strengthened and the grass-roots governance system should be improved.