The development strategy of characteristic towns is considered to be an important exploration to promote new-type urbanization and rural revitalization in China, and whether it can be scientifically implemented will affect the success or failure of characteristic towns. Starting from the top-level design of small-town development in China, this paper constructs a multi-dimensional policy analysis framework of "time-space-function-category" from the central-local and regional perspectives, and objectively evaluates the level of policy text consistency and its influencing factors in China’s characteristic towns with the tools of text mining and policy modeling consistency index model. The research show that the level of policy consistency of characteristic towns achieves greater improvement with its in-depth construction, but there are still differences under different categories and different levels. In addition, the policy nature, policy guarantee, policy object and incentive measures are the keys to influence the policy consistency level of characteristic town policies. Finally, optimization suggestions are provided for a more refined and differentiated policy formulation of characteristic towns.