Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization is a concentrated embodiment of the practical innovation and theoretical innovation of the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core in the field of ecological civilization construction. It is the fundamental guideline and guide to action for China’s ecological progress in the new era. This articlewas written before the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China as the maincontent of a Major Project of The National Social Science Fund of China, Research on Scientific System of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization. The Major Project’s chief expert is the article’s author. This article deeply explores and researchs on scientific system of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization from the perspective of “One main line, Three theories and Eight views”(138 for short), which will lead the future through innovation. At the same time, it puts forward suggestions for improvement of the connotations and policy implications of green ecology, for constructing the green ecological metric of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, and for establishing one discipline in green ecological field.