The relationship between technology and work autonomy is a hot topic in academic circles. This study uses nationally representative survey data to analyze the impact of the Internet on contemporary Chinese labors’ work autonomy. Research shows that digital access has a positive impact on work autonomy, but this impact is related to the process of technology diffusion; Workers engaged in digital work have higher work autonomy, which is more obvious among vulnerable groups; Within the workers engaged in digital work, the improvement of the degree of digitalization of work will increase work autonomy within a certain threshold, but when it exceeds a certain threshold, it will have a negative impact. Digital embedment empowers the work autonomy of workers as a whole, especially the vulnerable groups, and its control effect is reflected in the professional groups with high degree of digitalization.