Clarifying the reform objectives of data property right allocation, assessing the level of data property right reform, to provide guidance for the optimization and implementation of property right policies, which are essential prerequisites for China to carry out data property right allocation reform. From the four dimensions of rights allocation, market development, governance assurance and innovation expansion, an evaluation index system for the property right allocation reform in the data element market was constructed. And then the study proposed an intelligent evaluation mechanism of one-dimensional convolutional neural network based on network analysis and the optimization of classic topological structures to accurately evaluate property right allocation reform level of data element market. It is found that the reform of data property right allocation should focus on the fairness of rights distribution, the sustainability of benefit generation, the innovation of tax reform, and the assurance of soft environment construction. There are significant differences in the level of property right allocation reform among different regions, showing a distribution pattern of “higher in the east, lower in the west, and higher along the coast than in inland areas.” The reform level is not simply equivalent to the administrative level, economic position or resource endowment of the region.