The integrated development of basic scientific and technological condition resources is an important guarantee for achieving high-level scientific and technological self-reliance. At present, China has made significant progress in the development and open sharing of five types of basic scientific and technological condition resources supported by the government, including major scientific research infrastructure, large-scale scientific research instruments, scientific data, biological germplasm and experimental materials, and national field stations. However, the existing construction of basic scientific and technological capabilities is still unable to meet the practical needs of sustained high-level basic research, and the open sharing and integrated development of existing basic scientific and technological condition resources need to be further improved. On the basis of defining the connotation of the integrated development of basic scientific and technological condition resources, this article exploratively proposes an evaluation system and analytical framework for the government-led integrated development of basic scientific and technological condition resources. The new era has put forward new and higher requirements for the integrated development of basic scientific and technological condition resources. We should strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of the integrated development of existing basic scientific and technological condition resources, master the situation of the integrated development of basic science and technology condition resources, and provide decision-making consultation and policy reference for strengthening the capacity construction of science and technology basic conditions.