From the perspective of corporate green governance, this paper explores the impact of green credit policies on corporate pollution emissions. It reveals that the implementation of green credit policies significantly reduces pollution emissions of highly polluting enterprises. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of green credit policies on corporate pollution emissions is more pronounced in regions with stringent government environmental regulations, industries with low competition intensity, and regions with high levels of marketization. The paper further analyzes the mechanisms from both the production and treatment perspectives. On the production side, the implementation of green credit policies increases the non-normal operational risks for enterprises and optimizes the energy usage structure by reducing the use of coal. From the treatment side, the implementation of green credit policies motivates enterprises to invest in more and higher-efficiency pollution treatment equipment, enhancing pollution treatment capabilities. Moreover, green credit policies may crowd out non-green innovation, compelling enterprises to engage in more green innovations, which contributes to reducing pollution emissions and enhancing corporate green governance.