The Theory of self-reform of the Party and the great struggle of the Party has provided theoretical supports and broaden horizon for understanding the connotation of national audit in the new era. Based on the important statement of President Xi, this paper expounds the new connotations of national audit in the new area, which makes that national audit plays the unique role of national audit in advancing the modernization of national governance capacity including “embracing a fighting spirit”, “enhancing the fighting abilities” and “building a special force of economical supervision ”. This paper also reviews and summarizes the major changes and main achievements of national audit in the past forty years, especially the last ten years. Finally, regarding the essential statements of President Xi on national audit as the important principles, this paper throws out suggestions to improve the national audit governance efficacy and advance the modernization of national governance capacity.from some aspects, such as audit concept, audit management and application of audit results.