Electronic components are the fundamental support base of the electronic information industry. However, there are still problems such as insufficient protection for strategic fields and market competition “low-end battle, high-end loss of defense” in China. Based on the technical characteristics and development features of electronic components, it is necessary to analyze their strategic and market nature and study the internal logic and development path to promote the development of electronic components in China. Firstly, based on the perspective of institutional logic, this study elaborates on the mechanism of strategic logic and market logic combining to open the blockage point of “industrial chain-innovation chain” integration and promote the knowledge integration, capital matching, and talent flow of the “double chain” from the theoretical level. Secondly, the paper summarizes Japan’s practice of using strategic logic and market logic to promote dual-chain integration in the electronic components industry. Finally, we systematically analyze the blockages and obstacles in the dual-chain integration of China’s electronic components industry. Furthermore, we put forward practical ideas to strengthen the integration of the “industrial chain-innovation chain” from the synergistic mechanism of strategic and market logic. This study expands the theoretical boundary of institutional logic and provides a new theoretical perspective for analyzing dual-chain integration.