Digital infrastructure is the basic support for human society to move from an industrial society to an intelligent society. To promote the construction of future cities, it is necessary to build a digital infrastructure system that is compatible with it. This study analyzes the connotation and system of urban infrastructure in the digital intelligence era, and explores the main path and mode of operation of digital infrastructure to support the construction and development of future cities. It proposes the basic ideas and specific paths for the construction of future urban digital infrastructure to meet the needs and challenges. The study concludes that the digital infrastructure of the future city will be supported by the digital innovation infrastructure and digital intelligence infrastructure as the “dual core”, with the extensive application of new-generation information technology such as artificial intelligence as the main line, and will provide digitalization, networking, intelligence, greening and scenario-based software and hardware facilities system protection for the smooth flow and circulation of material, energy and information flows in the city, and comprehensively support the innovative, intelligent, green, resilient, livable and humanistic cities through innovation-driven and digital-intelligent empowerment. The study puts forward proposals for the construction of future urban digital infrastructure from three aspects: first, to scientifically grasp the needs and challenges of the construction of future urban digital infrastructure; second, to deal with the five basic relationships in an integrated manner; and third, to systematically promote the dual transformation of urban digitalization and greening.