In the context of the marginalization of WTO rules, regional cooperation has become increasingly close, and the regional technical barriers to trade (TBT) agreements have deeply affected the level of trade cooperation, thus affecting the reshaping of the global value chain cooperation network. Based on the time exponential random graph models, this paper investigates the influence of regional TBT agreements on global value chain cooperation networks and discusses the endogenous mechanism of network evolution. The findings are as follows: First, regional TBT agreement network will promote the development of GVC cooperation network, the cooperation relationship has reciprocity and transmission closure. Second, the provisions such as reducing trade distortions and taking the WTO/TBT agreement as a reference set in regional TBT agreements have a significant promoting effect on the development of the global value chain cooperation network. Third, the regional TBT agreement network signed by multilateral agreement countries and the regional TBT agreement network signed by closely connected countries within the same continent are more conducive to the development of the global value chain cooperation network. The regional TBT agreements have promoted the development of a global value chain cooperation network for high-end manufacturing and digital services, and multi-target sanctions will seriously impact the global value chain cooperation network. In addition, through the analysis of endogenous time effects, it is found that the development and evolution path of GVC cooperation network has strong stability, and existing cooperation relationships tend to directly continue into the future cooperation network. The research provides an important reference for optimizing regional TBT cooperation and improving the level and resilience of global value chain cooperation network.