以新技术为资源:我国科研人员的工作投入与AIGC使用
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G316

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中国人民大学“求是学术—栋梁”项目(RUC25QSDL086);国家自然科学基金专项项目“科学基金支持原创性颠覆性科技创新的机制与政策研究”(L2424128)。


New technology as a resource: Work engagement and AIGC use among Chinese researchers
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    摘要:

    AIGC加速了科研范式变革,驱动科研人员尝试在科研实践中采纳生成式人工智能(AIGC)技术。以科研人员的工作投入为解释AIGC采纳的切入点,引入工作要求—资源模型,将工作投入视为工作要求、将AIGC采纳视为增加资源以满足工作要求的工作重塑行为,该行为受到强调追求职业成就的主动性动机与强调应对工作困境的反应性动机的共同驱动。基于对我国科研人员大规模社会调查数据的分析,发现:在主动性动机路径,高活力度与高奉献度者更主动地扩展社会性工作资源,从而拥有更高多样性的讨论网,这有助于科研人员采纳AIGC;在反应性动机路径,我国科研人员易陷入“人—岗不匹配”的工作投入困境,低专注度者表现出对AIGC更高的科研绩效预期,从而更倾向于采纳AIGC。低奉献度与低专注度者有更强的被AIGC替代的危机感,这强化了其反应性动机,从而促进AIGC采纳。整体而言,反应性动机主导了我国科研人员对AIGC的采纳,当前AIGC更多是作为应对工作投入困境的工具。为进一步开发AIGC的科学变革潜力,需为科研人员创造更为有利的组织与制度环境。

    Abstract:

    AIGC has accelerated the transformation of research paradigms, prompting researchers to integrate AIGC into their research practices. Using work engagement as an entry point to explain AIGC acceptance, the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model can be applied by viewing work engagement as a job demand and AIGC acceptance as a job crafting behavior that increases resources to meet such demands. This process is jointly driven by proactive motivation—emphasizing the pursuit of career achievement—and reactive motivation—focusing on coping with work-related difficulties. Based on a large-scale survey on Chinese scientists, the study reveals that: (1) Along the proactive motivation path, individuals with high vigor and high dedication actively expand their social work resources, resulting in greater diversity in their discussion networks, which facilitates AIGC acceptance; (2) Along the reactive motivation path, Chinese researchers are prone to a “person-job misfit” dilemma in terms of work engagement. Those with low absorption demonstrate higher performance expectations of AIGC and are thus more inclined to acceptance it. Individuals with low dedication and low absorption perceive a stronger risk of being replaced by AIGC, strengthening their reactive motivation and promoting AIGC acceptance. Overall, reactive motivation dominates AIGC acceptance among Chinese researchers, indicating that AIGC is currently used more as a tool to cope with work engagement challenges. To fully unlock the transformative scientific potential of AIGC, more supportive organizational and institutional environments must be established.

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郑家豪,赵延东.以新技术为资源:我国科研人员的工作投入与AIGC使用[J].中国软科学,2025,(11):99-110

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-06-01
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