Based on panel data from 276 cities in China from 2011 to 2022, this paper systematically analyzes the spatiotemporal characteristics, interactive relationships, and influencing factors of the coupling coordination degree of education, science and technology, and talent. The main research findings are as follows: First, the coupling coordination degree of education, science and technology, and talent is generally on an upward trend but remains in the developmental stage, with the level of synergy among the three systems needing improvement. Among them, the development level of the science and technology subsystem is the highest and has the fastest growth. However, it has not achieved synchronized growth with the coupling coordination degree. Second, the spatial convergence analysis shows significant absolute β convergence and conditional β convergence in the coupling coordination degree of education, science and technology, and talent, indicating that spatial differences in the coupling coordination degree of education, science and technology, and talent will converge to a steady state. Third, the analysis of panel vector autoregression shows that education is a unidirectional Granger cause of technology and talents, with the education subsystem having a positive impulse effect on the technology, and talent subsystems, suggesting that education is the fundamental driving force behind the development of technology and talent. Fourth, the analysis of influencing factors indicates that the number of universities, the number of specialized and innovative enterprises, and the number of employees in the comprehensive scientific research and technical service industry are key factors driving the improvement of the coupling coordination degree, validating the importance of cooperative innovation entities for the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent. This paper provides reference for optimizing the integrated development level of education, technology, and talents.