At present, the “small-scale, scattered and weak” characteristics of current smallholder farming are incompatible with the development of new quality productive forces in agriculture. This paper sorts out the mechanisms of institutional embedding, collective collaboration, industrial chain integration and platform coordination through which socialized services promote the connection between smallholder farmers and new quality productive forces in agriculture. Taking the practice of agricultural socialized services in Binzhou City, Shandong Province as an example, this paper summarizes the common characteristics, applicable conditions and development effects of four typical models. It further proposes that the organic connection between smallholder farmers and new quality productive forces in agriculture should be promoted synergistically from the aspects of service subject cultivation, financial innovation, fiscal support and talent training.