The paper points out that the current strategic goal of Chinese governmen t is the development in stead of the perfection of rural social security system.This is because of the relati ve rural stability,which is decided by peasant ' s behavior of product equilibrium and the limited contribution made by agriculture to social development.How ever the imbalance of peasant ' s behavior and their request for stab ilization requires an integrated ur ban -rural social security system.Finally,it gives a rural soc ial security scheme.