A fragile resource-environment base of China can be figured out when compared with 9 selected countries of the world with a population over 100 million of each. The result shows that the general situation of China's resource-environment security is just better than that of Japan but quite worse than that of all the eight others. More seriously, China will have a greater and greater pressure on its weakened natural resource-environment base as its population is growing up and the living standard rising up in the next 20 to 50 years simultaneously. To maintain its resource-environment base in stability through a development policy readjustment, the followings are recommended : tightening population control, improving the national production efficiency, increasing inputs in science and technology, expanding international material trade, strengthening public resource-environment security education.