The paper studies mainly the inherent relation between corporate ownership structure and corporate governance.It analyses the difference and causes of ownership structure in line with government regulation,the inherent relation between the difference of ownership structure and the way of corporate governance in view of ownership concentration and decentralization and the various chief share-holders.The paper also discusses the interrelation between ownership structure and efficiency of corporate governance through analysis on the difference of the theory and the practice in two aspects of mature market economy and non-mature economy.The paper concludes with some policy recommendations on Chinese enterprise reform.