In 1990s, Washington Consensus-based New Economic Liberalism was widely adopted by Brazil government in its policies, which contributed to national economic stabilization and recovery in some degree. However, the macro-economic policies with excessive liberty weakened national capability on research and innovation, and undermined Brazilian National Innovation System. Referencing the case of BNSI in 1990s, China should focus on long-term tech-economic development, and take active innovation policy, as well as build and strengthen the national innovation system.