The protection of traditional medicine knowledge and its benefits sharing are the problems that should be solved instantly. The essay analyzes that the international society protects traditional medicine knowledge as the collective human rights through international conventions. It also analyzes the practices of Zimbabwe, India, Laos and Philippines. The results shows that:the Indian government supports greatly, and the non-governmental organizations actively carry out the register and documentation of traditional medicine knowledge, and sets up the national venture funds and the incubator mechanism; Laos establishes a special organization (the Traditional Medicine Research Center) to protect traditional medicine knowledge leading by the government. The Philippines protects traditional medicine knowledge generally through the legislation, especially the legislation on the property. Their helpful experiences are worthy to use for reference for us.