The new concept of spatially integrated social science(SISS) and its background are introduced.The author discusses the fundamental thinking,research method and character and research examples of SISS from geographic thoughts,method and technology.SISS study relies on geographic theory and model,geo-spatial and geo-referenced data,spatial analysis and GIS techniques to perform exploratory,descriptive and/or explanatory researches.SISS study could analyze and explain some complex social phenomena,and uncover the social mechanism underlying the data and facts.Four ideas are proposed for SISS research in China.