The entry of private enterprises into natural monopoly industry(with its abbreviation PNMI)not only exerts a great influence on the economical life of our country,but also brings about benefits and risks towards industrial security and social public interests.So,it is important to overall consider and exactly evaluate the benefits and risks from indus- trial safety and public interest during the gradual process of PNMI.To keep away risks and reach the re-set target of industry's privatization of the natural monopoly,we should strengthen the industry's safe responsibility and community responsibility in the route of reforming and the route which should be chosen.