This article presents a concise two-period model to analyze the exploitation issue of non-renewable re- sources,taking accounting of reality of resources management in our country.We found that even if the government aims to maximize the inter-temporal welfare,the private information of proved reserve possessed by the firm will make the optimal exploitation plan impossible to realize,for the reason of the preceding firm will make a high report of proved re- serve which lead to the overexploitation.This article also discussed the welfare effect of overexploitation,and then put forward countermeasures to deal with it.