Threedimensional layered utilization of maritime areas represents a significant exploration in China’s development and utilization of marine spatial resources However, the current management of maritime spatial resources in China faces challenges including: an incomplete legal framework for threedimensional maritime use, unclear delineation of governmental oversight and regulatory responsibilities, conflicts among maritime rights holders, and insufficient public participation Under the framework of polycentric governance and guided by the principles of environmental protection and sustainable development, it is imperative to accelerate the revision of nationallevel laws and regulations, clarify the boundaries of government powers and responsibilities, explore coordination and cooperation models among sea area users, and enhance the effectiveness of public participation These measures aim to achieve the scientific and efficient utilization as well as effective protection of marine resources, thereby promoting the highquality development of the marine economy